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redis集群搭建的图文教程

来源：爱站网时间：2022-04-08编辑：网友分享
爱站技术频道网站小编来给大家分享一篇关于redis集群搭建的图文教程内容，小编觉得这篇文章还是挺不错的，供大家参考下。感兴趣的小伙伴千万不要错过了这类知识点。

现在项目上用redis的话，很少说不用集群的情况，毕竟如果生产上只有一台redis会有极大的风险，比如机器挂掉，或者内存爆掉，就比如我们生产环境曾今也遭遇到这种情况，导致redis内存不够挂掉的情况，当然这些都是我们及其不能容忍的，第一个必须要做到高可靠，其次才是高性能，好了，下面我来逐一搭建一下。

一：Redis集群搭建

1. 下载

首先去官网下载较新的3.2.0版本，下载方式还是非常简单的，比如官网介绍的这样。

$ wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-3.2.0.tar.gz
$ tar xzf redis-3.2.0.tar.gz
$ cd redis-3.2.0
$ make

2. redis配置

由于我们要做集群，而且还要redis自带的redis-trib.rb 能正常运行，我们需要在集群中开启三台master，三台slave，所以这里我需要建立6个文件夹，而且文件夹的名称就使用端口地址的名字，比如：6389. 6380....6384。

3. config配置。

现在directory的分布情况大致如上图，接下来要做的事情就是配置redis.conf了，在这里需要配置四个选项。。。

port  端口地址，比如6380文件夹下面的port就是6380，

# Accept connections on the specified port, default is 6379 (IANA #815344).
# If port 0 is specified Redis will not listen on a TCP socket.
port 6379

cluster-enabled 和 cluster-config-file

这个顾名思义，首先需要开启redis的cluster模式，然后配置一个cluster-config-file文件，这个文件用于存放redis的实时信息，redis会动态追加和修改这个conf下面的内容信息，不过要记住，这个nodes-6379.conf 可以根据 端口文件夹依次配置，比如6380文件夹可以改成nodes-6380.conf这样。。。

# Normal Redis instances can't be part of a Redis Cluster; only nodes that are
# started as cluster nodes can. In order to start a Redis instance as a
# cluster node enable the cluster support uncommenting the following:
#
cluster-enabled yes

# Every cluster node has a cluster configuration file. This file is not
# intended to be edited by hand. It is created and updated by Redis nodes.
# Every Redis Cluster node requires a different cluster configuration file.
# Make sure that instances running in the same system do not have
# overlapping cluster configuration file names.
#
cluster-config-file nodes-6379.conf

directory

为了方便管理，我这里配置的root目录取决于在哪个文件夹，比如6380下面我的dir就是: dir ./6380/

# Note that you must specify a directory here, not a file name.
dir ./6379/

protected-mode

这个是redis 3.2 才追加的一个功能，从功能注释中，我们就可以发现，这个默认就是不让外界可以访问redis，所以这里我们就改为no，可以远程访问。

# By default protected mode is enabled. You should disable it only if
# you are sure you want clients from other hosts to connect to Redis
# even if no authentication is configured, nor a specific set of interfaces
# are explicitly listed using the "bind" directive.
protected-mode no

ok，到现在为止，我们的config就修改完毕了，其他端口的文件夹也可以依次配置之~

二：开启redis

到现在为止，各个端口文件夹都配置成功了，接下来准备开启了。

接下来我们可以看一下，在6379下面是不是有生成node-6379.conf文件，比如下面：

三：配置redis-trib.rb

因为redis-trib.rb是ruby写的，而我们的电脑肯定是没有ruby和一些配置依赖项，不过没关系，有强大的yum安装，一切都不是问题。

1. 执行replicas命令

[jack@localhost ~]$ cluster/redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 192.168.161.133:6379 192.168.161.133:6380 192.168.161.133:6381 192.168.161.133:6382 192.168.161.133:6383 192.168.161.133:6384
/usr/bin/env: ruby: No such file or directory
[jack@localhost ~]$

可以看到ruby是没有安装的，所以下一步我们要安装ruby了。。。

2. 安装ruby 【一定要是管理员权限哦】

[jack@localhost ~]$ sudo
usage: sudo [-D level] -h | -K | -k | -V
usage: sudo -v [-AknS] [-D level] [-g groupname|#gid] [-p prompt] [-u user
      name|#uid]
usage: sudo -l[l] [-AknS] [-D level] [-g groupname|#gid] [-p prompt] [-U user
      name] [-u user name|#uid] [-g groupname|#gid] [command]
usage: sudo [-AbEHknPS] [-r role] [-t type] [-C fd] [-D level] [-g
      groupname|#gid] [-p prompt] [-u user name|#uid] [-g groupname|#gid]
      [VAR=value] [-i|-s] []
usage: sudo -e [-AknS] [-r role] [-t type] [-C fd] [-D level] [-g
      groupname|#gid] [-p prompt] [-u user name|#uid] file ...
[jack@localhost ~]$ su
Password: 
jacsu: incorrect password
[jack@localhost ~]$ yum install ruby
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
You need to be root to perform this command.
[jack@localhost ~]$ jack
bash: jack: command not found
[jack@localhost ~]$ su
Password: 
[root@localhost jack]# yum install ruby
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package ruby.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: ruby-libs = 1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 for package: ruby-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libruby.so.1.8()(64bit) for package: ruby-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package ruby-libs.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libreadline.so.5()(64bit) for package: ruby-libs-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package compat-readline5.x86_64 0:5.2-17.1.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================
 Package        Arch     Version          Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
 ruby          x86_64    1.8.7.374-4.el6_6     base    538 k
Installing for dependencies:
 compat-readline5    x86_64    5.2-17.1.el6       base    130 k
 ruby-libs       x86_64    1.8.7.374-4.el6_6     base    1.7 M

Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install    3 Package(s)

Total download size: 2.3 M
Installed size: 7.8 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/3): compat-readline5-5.2-17.1.el6.x86_64.rpm     | 130 kB   00:00   
(2/3): ruby-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64.rpm         | 538 kB   00:00   
(3/3): ruby-libs-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64.rpm      | 1.7 MB   00:02   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                      747 kB/s | 2.3 MB   00:03   
warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
Importing GPG key 0xC105B9DE:
 Userid : CentOS-6 Key (CentOS 6 Official Signing Key) 
 Package: centos-release-6-5.el6.centos.11.1.x86_64 (@anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5)
 From  : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
 Installing : compat-readline5-5.2-17.1.el6.x86_64             1/3 
 Installing : ruby-libs-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64              2/3 
 Installing : ruby-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64                3/3 
 Verifying : compat-readline5-5.2-17.1.el6.x86_64             1/3 
 Verifying : ruby-libs-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64              2/3 
 Verifying : ruby-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64                3/3 

Installed:
 ruby.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-4.el6_6                        

Dependency Installed:
 compat-readline5.x86_64 0:5.2-17.1.el6 ruby-libs.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 

Complete!
[root@localhost jack]#

3. 安装rubygems

接着我们再次运行 replicas命令，看看会怎么样。。。 

[root@localhost jack]# cluster/redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 192.168.161.133:6379 192.168.161.133:6380 192.168.161.133:6381 192.168.161.133:6382 192.168.161.133:6383 192.168.161.133:6384
cluster/redis-trib.rb:24:in `require': no such file to load -- rubygems (LoadError)
  from cluster/redis-trib.rb:24
[root@localhost jack]#

结果苦逼了，还是报错，看提示貌似是少了一个rubygems，这次我们还是通过yum安装。

[root@localhost jack]# yum install -y rubygems
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package rubygems.noarch 0:1.3.7-5.el6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: ruby-rdoc for package: rubygems-1.3.7-5.el6.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package ruby-rdoc.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: ruby-irb = 1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 for package: ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package ruby-irb.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================
 Package      Arch      Version          Repository  Size
================================================================================
Installing:
 rubygems     noarch     1.3.7-5.el6        base     207 k
Installing for dependencies:
 ruby-irb     x86_64     1.8.7.374-4.el6_6     base     317 k
 ruby-rdoc     x86_64     1.8.7.374-4.el6_6     base     381 k

Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install    3 Package(s)

Total download size: 905 k
Installed size: 3.0 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/3): ruby-irb-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64.rpm       | 317 kB   00:00   
(2/3): ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64.rpm      | 381 kB   00:00   
(3/3): rubygems-1.3.7-5.el6.noarch.rpm          | 207 kB   00:00   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                      625 kB/s | 905 kB   00:01   
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
 Installing : ruby-irb-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64              1/3 
 Installing : ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64              2/3 
 Installing : rubygems-1.3.7-5.el6.noarch                 3/3 
 Verifying : ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64              1/3 
 Verifying : ruby-irb-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64              2/3 
 Verifying : rubygems-1.3.7-5.el6.noarch                 3/3 

Installed:
 rubygems.noarch 0:1.3.7-5.el6                         

Dependency Installed:
 ruby-irb.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-4.el6_6  ruby-rdoc.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-4.el6_6  

Complete!
[root@localhost jack]#

4. 安装redis驱动

 还是继续不死心，我们继续运行replicas命令命令。

[root@localhost jack]# cluster/redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 192.168.161.133:6379 192.168.161.133:6380 192.168.161.133:6381 192.168.161.133:6382 192.168.161.133:6383 192.168.161.133:6384
/usr/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `gem_original_require': no such file to load -- redis (LoadError)
  from /usr/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `require'
  from cluster/redis-trib.rb:25
[root@localhost jack]#

还是有问题，这次貌似是一个gem_original_require没有安装，当然这个一般是说ruby版本太老了，所以现在亲要么升级ruby版本，要么直接安装ruby的redis驱动。

[root@localhost jack]# gem install redis
Successfully installed redis-3.3.0
1 gem installed
Installing ri documentation for redis-3.3.0...
Installing RDoc documentation for redis-3.3.0...

6. 运行replicas命令

终于貌似所有的依赖我们都解决了，接下来就可以真的执行了。

[root@localhost jack]# cluster/redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 192.168.161.133:6379 192.168.161.133:6380 192.168.161.133:6381 192.168.161.133:6382 192.168.161.133:6383 192.168.161.133:6384
>>> Creating cluster
>>> Performing hash slots allocation on 6 nodes...
Using 3 masters:
192.168.161.133:6379
192.168.161.133:6380
192.168.161.133:6381
Adding replica 192.168.161.133:6382 to 192.168.161.133:6379
Adding replica 192.168.161.133:6383 to 192.168.161.133:6380
Adding replica 192.168.161.133:6384 to 192.168.161.133:6381
M: fdae457e803e2e04a7c549c69b44a2beefdae3bc 192.168.161.133:6379
  slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master
M: 74285cee0fa65e64b443ecc630e447a8a65ee9f8 192.168.161.133:6380
  slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master
M: 14ed067a1b85044325d5800fa8479a6b4e41a10c 192.168.161.133:6381
  slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master
S: c50b1ff1fe3a00b16703f3b5705d2dafe046240b 192.168.161.133:6382
  replicates fdae457e803e2e04a7c549c69b44a2beefdae3bc
S: 8f7bd92f7ffb48e327820693a5820b5be7ea5556 192.168.161.133:6383
  replicates 74285cee0fa65e64b443ecc630e447a8a65ee9f8
S: 4a85ed078b4c99afad7f3a9a8df09082c681a649 192.168.161.133:6384
  replicates 14ed067a1b85044325d5800fa8479a6b4e41a10c
Can I set the above configuration? (type 'yes' to accept): yes
>>> Nodes configuration updated
>>> Assign a different config epoch to each node
>>> Sending CLUSTER MEET messages to join the cluster
Waiting for the cluster to join....
>>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 192.168.161.133:6379)
M: fdae457e803e2e04a7c549c69b44a2beefdae3bc 192.168.161.133:6379
  slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master
M: 74285cee0fa65e64b443ecc630e447a8a65ee9f8 192.168.161.133:6380
  slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master
M: 14ed067a1b85044325d5800fa8479a6b4e41a10c 192.168.161.133:6381
  slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master
M: c50b1ff1fe3a00b16703f3b5705d2dafe046240b 192.168.161.133:6382
  slots: (0 slots) master
  replicates fdae457e803e2e04a7c549c69b44a2beefdae3bc
M: 8f7bd92f7ffb48e327820693a5820b5be7ea5556 192.168.161.133:6383
  slots: (0 slots) master
  replicates 74285cee0fa65e64b443ecc630e447a8a65ee9f8
M: 4a85ed078b4c99afad7f3a9a8df09082c681a649 192.168.161.133:6384
  slots: (0 slots) master
  replicates 14ed067a1b85044325d5800fa8479a6b4e41a10c
[OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration.
>>> Check for open slots...
>>> Check slots coverage...
[OK] All 16384 slots covered.
[root@localhost jack]#

从上面可以看到，trib程序告知我们是否用 6379，6380，6381 作为主， 6382，6383，6384作为从。就这样我们的集群就创建好了。

以上就是redis集群搭建的图文教程内容了，希望爱站技术频道小编的分享能帮助你解决问题。觉得文章不错的小伙伴记得来关注下爱站技术频道就可以了。

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