详解Spring中实现接口动态的解决方法
我们在实践操作中,经常遇到接口和多个实现类的情况,其实我们在不同的条件下使用不同的实现类,下面由爱站技术频道小编来详解Spring中实现接口动态的解决方法吧!
前言
关于这个问题是因为领导最近跟我提了一个需求,是有关于实现类Mybatis的@Select、@Insert注解的功能。其是基于interface层面,不存在任何的接口实现类。因而在实现的过程中,首先要解决的是如何动态实现接口的实例化。其次是如何将使接口根据注解实现相应的功能。
声明
解决方案是基于Mybatis源码,进行二次开发实现。
解决方法
我们先来看看Mybatis是如何实现Dao类的扫描的。
MapperScannerConfigurer.java
public void postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) throws BeansException { if (this.processPropertyPlaceHolders) { processPropertyPlaceHolders(); } ClassPathMapperScanner scanner = new ClassPathMapperScanner(registry); scanner.setAddToConfig(this.addToConfig); scanner.setAnnotationClass(this.annotationClass); scanner.setMarkerInterface(this.markerInterface); scanner.setSqlSessionFactory(this.sqlSessionFactory); scanner.setSqlSessionTemplate(this.sqlSessionTemplate); scanner.setSqlSessionFactoryBeanName(this.sqlSessionFactoryBeanName); scanner.setSqlSessionTemplateBeanName(this.sqlSessionTemplateBeanName); scanner.setResourceLoader(this.applicationContext); scanner.setBeanNameGenerator(this.nameGenerator); scanner.registerFilters(); scanner.scan(StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(this.basePackage, ConfigurableApplicationContext.CONFIG_LOCATION_DELIMITERS)); }
ClassPathMapperScanner是Mybatis继承ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner类而来的。这里对于ClassPathMapperScanner的配置参数来源于我们在使用Mybatis时的配置而来,是不是还记得在使用Mybatis的时候要配置basePackage的参数呢?
接着我们就顺着scanner.scan()
方法,进入查看一下里面的实现。
ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner.java
public int scan(String... basePackages) { int beanCountAtScanStart = this.registry.getBeanDefinitionCount(); doScan(basePackages); // Register annotation config processors, if necessary. if (this.includeAnnotationConfig) { AnnotationConfigUtils.registerAnnotationConfigProcessors(this.registry); } return (this.registry.getBeanDefinitionCount() - beanCountAtScanStart); }
这里关键的代码是doScan(basePackages);
,那么我们在进去看一下。可能你会看到的是Spring源码的实现方法,但这里Mybatis也实现了自己的一套,我们看一下Mybatis的实现。
ClassPathMapperScanner.java
public SetdoScan(String... basePackages) { Set beanDefinitions = super.doScan(basePackages); if (beanDefinitions.isEmpty()) { logger.warn("No MyBatis mapper was found in '" + Arrays.toString(basePackages) + "' package. Please check your configuration."); } else { for (BeanDefinitionHolder holder : beanDefinitions) { GenericBeanDefinition definition = (GenericBeanDefinition) holder.getBeanDefinition(); if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug("Creating MapperFactoryBean with name '" + holder.getBeanName() + "' and '" + definition.getBeanClassName() + "' mapperInterface"); } // the mapper interface is the original class of the bean // but, the actual class of the bean is MapperFactoryBean definition.getPropertyValues().add("mapperInterface", definition.getBeanClassName()); definition.setBeanClass(MapperFactoryBean.class); definition.getPropertyValues().add("addToConfig", this.addToConfig); boolean explicitFactoryUsed = false; if (StringUtils.hasText(this.sqlSessionFactoryBeanName)) { definition.getPropertyValues().add("sqlSessionFactory", new RuntimeBeanReference(this.sqlSessionFactoryBeanName)); explicitFactoryUsed = true; } else if (this.sqlSessionFactory != null) { definition.getPropertyValues().add("sqlSessionFactory", this.sqlSessionFactory); explicitFactoryUsed = true; } if (StringUtils.hasText(this.sqlSessionTemplateBeanName)) { if (explicitFactoryUsed) { logger.warn("Cannot use both: sqlSessionTemplate and sqlSessionFactory together. sqlSessionFactory is ignored."); } definition.getPropertyValues().add("sqlSessionTemplate", new RuntimeBeanReference(this.sqlSessionTemplateBeanName)); explicitFactoryUsed = true; } else if (this.sqlSessionTemplate != null) { if (explicitFactoryUsed) { logger.warn("Cannot use both: sqlSessionTemplate and sqlSessionFactory together. sqlSessionFactory is ignored."); } definition.getPropertyValues().add("sqlSessionTemplate", this.sqlSessionTemplate); explicitFactoryUsed = true; } if (!explicitFactoryUsed) { if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug("Enabling autowire by type for MapperFactoryBean with name '" + holder.getBeanName() + "'."); } definition.setAutowireMode(AbstractBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE); } } } return beanDefinitions; }
definition.setBeanClass(MapperFactoryBean.class);
这行代码是非常关键的一句,由于在Spring中存在两种自动实例化的方式,一种是我们常用的本身的接口实例化类进行接口实例化,还有一种就是这里的自定义实例化。而这里的setBeanClass方法就是在BeanDefinitionHolder中进行配置。在Spring进行实例化的时候进行处理。
那么我们在看一下MapperFactoryBean.class
MapperFactoryBean.java
public class MapperFactoryBeanextends SqlSessionDaoSupport implements FactoryBean { private Class mapperInterface; private boolean addToConfig = true; /** * Sets the mapper interface of the MyBatis mapper * * @param mapperInterface class of the interface */ public void setMapperInterface(Class mapperInterface) { this.mapperInterface = mapperInterface; } /** * If addToConfig is false the mapper will not be added to MyBatis. This means * it must have been included in mybatis-config.xml. * * If it is true, the mapper will be added to MyBatis in the case it is not already * registered. *
* By default addToCofig is true. * * @param addToConfig */ public void setAddToConfig(boolean addToConfig) { this.addToConfig = addToConfig; } /** * {@inheritDoc} */ @Override protected void checkDaoConfig() { super.checkDaoConfig(); notNull(this.mapperInterface, "Property 'mapperInterface' is required"); Configuration configuration = getSqlSession().getConfiguration(); if (this.addToConfig && !configuration.hasMapper(this.mapperInterface)) { try { configuration.addMapper(this.mapperInterface); } catch (Throwable t) { logger.error("Error while adding the mapper '" + this.mapperInterface + "' to configuration.", t); throw new IllegalArgumentException(t); } finally { ErrorContext.instance().reset(); } } } /** * {@inheritDoc} */ public T getObject() throws Exception { return getSqlSession().getMapper(this.mapperInterface); } /** * {@inheritDoc} */ public Class
getObjectType() { return this.mapperInterface; } /** * {@inheritDoc} */ public boolean isSingleton() { return true; }
在该类中其实现了FactoryBean接口,看过Spring源码的人,我相信对其都有很深的印象,其在Bean的实例化中起着很重要的作用。在该类中我们要关注的是getObject方法,我们之后将动态实例化的接口对象放到Spring实例化列表中,这里就是入口,也是我们的起点。不过要特别说明的是mapperInterface的值是如何被赋值的,可能会有疑问,我们再来看看上面的ClassPathMapperScanner.java我们在配置MapperFactoryBean.class的上面存在一行 definition.getPropertyValues().add("mapperInterface", definition.getBeanClassName());
其在之后在Spring的PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate类的populateBean方法中进行属性配置,会将其依靠反射的方式将其注入到MapperFactoryBean.class中。
而且definition.getPropertyValues().add
中添加的值是注入到MapperFactoryBean对象中去的。这一点需要说明一下。
总结
上述的资料介绍就是关于详解Spring中实现接口动态的解决方法,其实做什么都要勇于尝试,面对互联网带来的便利我们要利用好它。