详解Maven 搭建SpringMVC+Hibernate项目
Maven是开源对象关系映射框架,它封装JDBC轻量级,使Java开发人员能够面向对象的思想来操纵数据库,下面就由爱站技术频道小编给大家介绍详解Maven 搭建SpringMVC+Hibernate项目吧。
前言
今天复习一下SpringMVC+Hibernate的搭建,本来想着将Spring-Security权限控制框架也映入其中的,但是发现内容太多了,Spring-Security的就留在下一篇吧,这篇主要搭建SpringMVC4.1.4和Hibernate4.3.8,之前也打了好多SpringMVC的,这部分已经非常的熟悉了,毕竟业开发过一年多SpringMVC的,这次持久层采用Hibernate,数据源采用c3p0,数据库暂采用MySQL,主要是想复习一下Hibernate。搭建SpringMVC+Hibernate的框架的思路如下:
1、设计数据库:设计好表结构,最好符合3NF,采用Hibernate tools将设计好的表自动生成对应的实体entity。
1、创建Maven项目,按需映入Maven包依赖。
2、搭建Spring:配置Spring对控件层Bean的注入。
3、搭建Hibernate:配置数据源,配置SessionFactory,配置事务,以及二级缓存ehcache的配置。
4、测试Spring+Hibernate的框架搭建,写单元测试JUnit,测试事务配置等。
5、映入SpringMVC:配置SpringMVC配置信息。
6、配置web.xml容器
7、测试三个框架的整合:Maven编译打包部署服务器,测试。
1、数据库设计
设计一个权限、角色、用户的表。自然如果一个用户可以有多个角色,一个角色多个用户所拥有;一个角色拥有多个权限,一个权限对应多个角色。所以按照数据库表结构设计,符合3NF的话我们需要5张表进行存在。表的具体信息就不列出了(可以下在源码,里面还有数据库),表关系如下:
这里面ID才用到是java的UUID(36位)
2、创建Maven项目,编写pom.xml文件
创建一个Maven的webapp项目,编写pom.xml文件,引入所需的包依赖,我这里就将所需的全部的映入了。
pom.xml文件内容如下:
4.0.0 org.andy.sh springmvc_hibernate.html" target="_blank">hibernate_demo war 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT springmvc_hibernate_demo Maven Webapp http://maven.apache.org UTF-8 4.1.4.RELEASE 4.3.8.Final 2.5.0 junit junit 4.12 test org.springframework spring-core ${spring.version} org.springframework spring-beans ${spring.version} org.springframework spring-context ${spring.version} org.springframework spring-tx ${spring.version} org.springframework spring-web ${spring.version} org.springframework spring-test ${spring.version} test org.springframework spring-webmvc ${spring.version} org.springframework spring-orm ${spring.version} org.hibernate hibernate-core ${hibernate.version} org.hibernate hibernate-ehcache ${hibernate.version} net.sf.ehcache ehcache 2.9.0 log4j log4j 1.2.17 mysql mysql-connector-java 5.1.34 com.mchange c3p0 0.9.5-pre10 com.alibaba fastjson 1.2.3 com.fasterxml.jackson.core jackson-annotations ${jackson.version} com.fasterxml.jackson.core jackson-core ${jackson.version} com.fasterxml.jackson.core jackson-databind ${jackson.version} org.aspectj aspectjweaver 1.8.4 javax.servlet servlet-api 3.0-alpha-1 provided javax.servlet jstl 1.2 springmvc_hibernate_demo org.apache.maven.plugins maven-surefire-plugin 2.4.2 true org.apache.maven.plugins maven-war-plugin 2.3 src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml org.apache.maven.plugins maven-javadoc-plugin 2.9.1 target/javadoc target/javadoc UTF-8 UTF-8 UTF-8 private org.codehaus.cargo cargo-maven2-plugin 1.0 tomcat6x D:\WebServer\apache-tomcat-6.0.39 existing D:\WebServer\apache-tomcat-6.0.39
3、引入Spring配置
编写配置文件,配置文件放在src/main/resources资源目录下(下同)。
项目所需的配置信息config.properties
#application configs #jdbc c3p0 config jdbc.driver = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/work?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8 jdbc.username = root jdbc.password = 12345 #hibernate config hibernate.dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect hibernate.show_sql = true hibernate.format_sql = false hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto = update hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache = true hibernate.cache.use_query_cache = true hibernate.cache.region.factory_class = org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.EhCacheRegionFactory hibernate.cache.provider_configuration_file_resource_path = ehcache.xml
3.1、spring配置
spring.xml的配置文件如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
上面spring配置了对应包下组件bean自动注入管理,我们需要将dao,service的实现类交由spring管理,如(@Repository,@Service)。
3.2、引入日志文件配置Log4j
log4j.properties的配置文件如下: ### set log levels ### log4j.rootLogger = INFO , C , D , E ### console ### log4j.appender.C = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender log4j.appender.C.Target = System.out log4j.appender.C.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.C.layout.ConversionPattern = [springmvc_hibernate_demo][%p] [%-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] %C.%M(%L) | %m%n ### log file ### log4j.appender.D = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender log4j.appender.D.File = ../logs/springmvc_hibernate_demo.log log4j.appender.D.Append = true log4j.appender.D.Threshold = INFO log4j.appender.D.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.D.layout.ConversionPattern = [springmvc_hibernate_demo][%p] [%-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] %C.%M(%L) | %m%n ### exception ### log4j.appender.E = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender log4j.appender.E.File = ../logs/springmvc_hibernate_demo_error.log log4j.appender.E.Append = true log4j.appender.E.Threshold = ERROR log4j.appender.E.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.E.layout.ConversionPattern = [sspringmvc_hibernate_demo][%p] [%-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] %C.%M(%L) | %m%n
4、Hibernate配置
Hibernate的配置主要包括:配置数据源c3p0,配置SessionFactory,配置事务管理器,配置事务管理,其spring-hibernate.xml文件如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>${hibernate.dialect} ${hibernate.show_sql} ${hibernate.format_sql} ${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto} ${hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache} ${hibernate.cache.use_query_cache} ${hibernate.cache.region.factory_class} ${hibernate.cache.provider_configuration_file_resource_path}
上面配置了二级缓存,ehcache,相关的具体信息查看上一篇Hibernate二级缓存以及ehcache的搭建配置,下面是二级缓存的配置。
4.1、ehcache.xml的配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
上面Hibernate二级缓存ehcache存放磁盘是D:/ehcache
5、生成业务entity实体
设计好数据表后,Hibernate的实体有工具Hibernate tools自动生成,Eclipse需要安装Hibernate tools插件(我在线安装过几次都不成功,推荐使用links离线安装,附录将介绍),所以不需要手工的书写,下面就贴一个用户信息的实体,AcctUser.java
package org.andy.work.entity; // Generated 2015-2-3 10:43:00 by Hibernate Tools 4.0.0 import java.util.Date; import java.util.HashSet; import java.util.Set; import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.FetchType; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.JoinColumn; import javax.persistence.JoinTable; import javax.persistence.ManyToMany; import javax.persistence.Table; import javax.persistence.Temporal; import javax.persistence.TemporalType; import org.hibernate.annotations.Cache; import org.hibernate.annotations.CacheConcurrencyStrategy; import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnoreProperties; /** * AcctUser generated by hbm2java */ @Entity @Table(name = "acct_user", catalog = "work") @Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE) public class AcctUser implements java.io.Serializable { /** * */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 6980093847795726310L; private String id; private String nickName; private String telephone; private Date registerTime; private SetacctRoles = new HashSet (0); public AcctUser() { } public AcctUser(String id, String nickName) { this.id = id; this.nickName = nickName; } public AcctUser(String id, String nickName, String telephone, Date registerTime, Set acctRoles) { this.id = id; this.nickName = nickName; this.telephone = telephone; this.registerTime = registerTime; this.acctRoles = acctRoles; } @Id @Column(name = "id", unique = true, nullable = false, length = 36) public String getId() { return this.id; } public void setId(String id) { this.id = id; } @Column(name = "nick_name", nullable = false) public String getNickName() { return this.nickName; } public void setNickName(String nickName) { this.nickName = nickName; } @Column(name = "telephone") public String getTelephone() { return this.telephone; } public void setTelephone(String telephone) { this.telephone = telephone; } @Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP) @Column(name = "register_time", length = 19) public Date getRegisterTime() { return this.registerTime; } public void setRegisterTime(Date registerTime) { this.registerTime = registerTime; } @JsonIgnoreProperties(value={"acctUsers", "acctAuthorities"}) @ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY) @Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE) @JoinTable(name = "acct_user_role", catalog = "work", joinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "user_id", nullable = false, updatable = false) }, inverseJoinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "role_id", nullable = false, updatable = false) }) public Set getAcctRoles() { return this.acctRoles; } public void setAcctRoles(Set acctRoles) { this.acctRoles = acctRoles; } }
上面有几个需要注意的:
上面大多数都是Hibernate tools自动生成的,但是有几个需要手动添加:
1、如果这个实体使用二级缓存的话,需要添加@cache注解;
2、如果该实体里面还有集合元素(set, map,list),如果实体要采用二级缓存,那么这些集合元素必须也添加@cache注解。
3、@JsonIgnoreProperties注解是为了防止SpringMVC在json返回时产生循环输出使用,如果不配置的话就会出现json死循环(还有多对多,一对多的属性时)。
4、@JsonIgnore这个是在转换成json是忽略该属性,而@JsonIgnoreProperties(value={"acctUsers", "acctAuthorities"})则是忽略acctRoles里面的acctUsers和acctAuthorites属性。
6、创建Dao层
6.1Dao接口
Dao层和Service层我们肯定采用的是面相接口编程的思想,所以,我们先定义一个通用的Dao接口,GenericDao.java
package org.andy.work.dao; import java.io.Serializable; import java.util.List; /** * 创建时间:2015-2-6 下午2:26:42 * * @author andy * @version 2.2 * * Dao通用接口 */ interface GenericDao{ T load(PK id); T get(PK id); List ,>findAll(); void persist(T entity); PK save(T entity); void saveOrUpdate(T entity); void delete(PK id); void flush(); }
在定义具体的UserDao.java接口
package org.andy.work.dao; import org.andy.work.entity.AcctUser; /** * 创建时间:2015-2-6 下午2:43:50 * * @author andy * @version 2.2 * * 用户Dao接口 */ public interface UserDao extends GenericDao{ } ,>
6.2、Dao层实现类
我们需要将Dao层的实现类注入为bean,所以需要添加@Repository注解,UserDaoImpl如下:
package org.andy.work.dao.impl; import java.util.List; import org.andy.work.dao.UserDao; import org.andy.work.entity.AcctUser; import org.hibernate.Session; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; /** * 创建时间:2015-2-6 下午2:45:14 * * @author andy * @version 2.2 */ @Repository("userDao") public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao { @Autowired private SessionFactory sessionFactory; private Session getCurrentSession() { return this.sessionFactory.getCurrentSession(); } @Override public AcctUser load(String id) { return (AcctUser) this.getCurrentSession().load(AcctUser.class, id); } @Override public AcctUser get(String id) { return (AcctUser) this.getCurrentSession().get(AcctUser.class, id); } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") @Override public ListfindAll() { List acctUsers = this.getCurrentSession().createQuery("from AcctUser").setCacheable(true).list(); return acctUsers; } @Override public void persist(AcctUser entity) { this.getCurrentSession().persist(entity); } @Override public String save(AcctUser entity) { return (String) this.getCurrentSession().save(entity); } @Override public void saveOrUpdate(AcctUser entity) { this.getCurrentSession().saveOrUpdate(entity); } @Override public void delete(String id) { AcctUser entity = this.load(id); this.getCurrentSession().delete(entity); } @Override public void flush() { this.getCurrentSession().flush(); } }
7、创建Service层
7.1、Service层接口
package org.andy.work.service; import java.util.List; import org.andy.work.entity.AcctUser; /** * 创建时间:2015-2-6 下午3:18:57 * * @author andy * @version 2.2 * userService接口 */ public interface UserService { AcctUser load(String id); AcctUser get(String id); ListfindAll(); void persist(AcctUser entity); String save(AcctUser entity); void saveOrUpdate(AcctUser entity); void delete(String id); void flush(); }
7.2、service层实现类
UserServiceImpl就需要注入上面定义的Dao层bean。
package org.andy.work.service.impl; import java.util.List; import org.andy.work.dao.UserDao; import org.andy.work.entity.AcctUser; import org.andy.work.service.UserService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; /** * 创建时间:2015-2-6 下午3:24:16 * * @author andy * @version 2.2 UserService 的实现 */ @Service("userService") public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService { @Autowired private UserDao userDao; @Override public AcctUser load(String id) { return userDao.load(id); } @Override public AcctUser get(String id) { return userDao.get(id); } @Override public ListfindAll() { return userDao.findAll(); } @Override public void persist(AcctUser entity) { userDao.persist(entity); } @Override public String save(AcctUser entity) { return userDao.save(entity); } @Override public void saveOrUpdate(AcctUser entity) { userDao.saveOrUpdate(entity); } @Override public void delete(String id) { userDao.delete(id); } @Override public void flush() { userDao.flush(); } }
8、测试Spring和Hibernate的整合
我们可以在src/test/java编写测试类,测试上面的配置,如果测试成功已经基本大功告成。
package org.andy.work.service; import java.util.Date; import java.util.List; import java.util.UUID; import org.andy.work.entity.AcctUser; import org.apache.log4j.Logger; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON; /** * 创建时间:2015-2-6 下午3:31:07 * * @author andy * @version 2.2 */ @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:spring.xml", "classpath:spring-hibernate.xml" }) public class TestUserService { private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger .getLogger(TestUserService.class); @Autowired private UserService userService; @Test public void save() { AcctUser acctUser = new AcctUser(); acctUser.setId(UUID.randomUUID().toString()); acctUser.setNickName("andy"); acctUser.setRegisterTime(new Date()); acctUser.setTelephone("13022221111"); String id = userService.save(acctUser); LOGGER.info(JSON.toJSONString(id)); } }
9、引入SpringMVC
添加spring-mvc.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
text/html;charset=UTF-8 application/json;charset=UTF-8
上面配置了包扫描Controller,[email protected]��,和视图层的配置。
10、配置web.xml容器
web容器是web项目的大脑,所以web容器,首先需要引入spring,让spring管理各个框架,并将其注入为bean。然后配置控制层的filter信息。并且配置了springmvc拦截的url为以.hmls结尾的请求。
web.xml文件如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>springmvc_demo contextConfigLocation classpath:spring.xml,classpath:spring-hibernate.xml encodingFilter org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter encoding utf-8 forceEncoding true encodingFilter /* openSessionInViewFilter org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter singleSession true org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener spring mvc servlet rest org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet contextConfigLocation classpath:spring-mvc.xml 1 rest *.htmls openSessionInViewFilter *.htmls 30 /index.jsp
11、创建控制层Controller
控制层UserController
package org.andy.work.controller; import java.util.List; import org.andy.work.entity.AcctUser; import org.andy.work.service.UserService; import org.apache.log4j.Logger; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; /** * 创建时间:2015-2-7 上午11:49:00 * @author andy * @version 2.2 * 描述: 用户Controller */ @Controller @RequestMapping("/user") public class UserController { private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(UserController.class); @Autowired private UserService userService; @RequestMapping("/showInfo/{userId}") public String showUserInfo(ModelMap modelMap, @PathVariable String userId){ LOGGER.info("查询用户:" + userId); AcctUser userInfo = userService.load(userId); modelMap.addAttribute("userInfo", userInfo); return "/user/showInfo"; } @RequestMapping("/showInfos") public @ResponseBody ListshowUserInfos(){ LOGGER.info("查询用户全部用户"); List userInfos = userService.findAll(); return userInfos; } }
12、创建视图层
在src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/views下 创建user/showInfo.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%> <%@taglib prefix="fmt" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort() + path + "/"; %>
用户信息 昵称: ${userInfo.nickName} 用户id:${userInfo.id} 用户电话:${userInfo.telephone } 注册时间:
ajax显示全部用户信息:
13、部署服务器测试
使用Maven打包部署:clean compile package
部署到tomcat,测试
主要测试上面的 http://localhost:8080/springmvc_hibernate_demo/user/showInfo/6e5afb1d-50e1-45fe-b6fe-b9e399415387.htmls
和http://localhost:8080/springmvc_hibernate_demo/user/showInfos.htmls (json数据返回)
上面视图层就包含了这两条url请求的测试:
ok,到此Spring+SpringMVC+Hibernate搭建完毕。
以上这些是爱站技术频道小编给大家介绍的详解Maven 搭建SpringMVC+Hibernate项目,看完这篇文章,大家是否对这方面知识都有所了解了?想知道更多相关信息,敬请留意我们的网站。
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